What a "branded" QR code actually is
A branded QR code is a normal QR with three things changed: your logo sits in the middle, the colours match your brand, and the module shape (the little squares that make up the code) is often softened — rounded, dotted or pill-shaped. Underneath, it still encodes the same bits a black-and-white QR would, so any phone reads it the same way.
The reason most homemade branded QRs fail to scan isn't the logo or the colour — it's that the generator wasn't told to use error-correction level H. That's the trick.